Investors and financial institutions continue to invest in fintech to help meet the dynamic expectations of consumers who want fast, easy and hassle-free access to new financial products and services. Just last week, in his annual letter to shareholders, JP Morgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon noted that the bank has invested approximately $600 million “on emerging fintech solutions – which include building and improving digital and mobile services and partnering with fintech companies.” Meanwhile, policymakers in Washington continue to grapple with how to spur responsible innovation and how fintech fits into the existing regulatory paradigm. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) continues to move forward with the development of a special purpose national charter for fintech lenders.  On March 15, the OCC issued a draft supplement to its existing Licensing Manual that describes how the agency “will apply the licensing standards and requirements in its existing regulations and policies to fintech companies applying for a special purpose national bank charter.” The draft manual, which is open for a 30-day public comment period ending April 14, 2017, would prohibit fintech lenders from offering products “with predatory features” or entities that inappropriately mingle banking and commerce. The agency also defended its legal authority to make the move without a new law from Congress or any formal rulemaking process, saying it’s doing nothing more than expanding a longstanding practice. At the same time, a group of House Republicans, led by House Financial Services Committee Chairman Jeb Hensarling (R-Tex.), has asked Comptroller of the Currency Thomas Curry to slow down plans to grant special charters to fintech firms. In the letter, the lawmakers state that OCC should provide “full and fair opportunity” for public comment on standards for granting fintech charters and allow President Trump’s pick for the next comptroller to weigh in. The lawmakers go on to say that if OCC “proceeds in haste” to create new limited-purpose charter for fintech, Congress will examine the agency’s actions and “if appropriate, overturn them.” The issue will likely continue to bubble under the surface as Congress and the Trump Administration tackle larger issues such as tax reform, infrastructure spending and possibly wider financial services reform. However, the fintech charter is a legacy item for Comptroller Curry and he is likely to seek to move this to closure given that his term expires at the end of April (although he would remain in place until President Trump nominates and confirms his replacement).

The U.S. Senate declared April to be Financial Literacy Month back in 2004. Fast forward 13 years and one has to question if we’ve moved the needle on educating Americans about personal finance and money management. There is still no national standard or common curriculum to teach our kids the basics in schools, and only five states require high school students to take one semester of personal finance in order to graduate. I read an interesting stat years back that high school seniors spend more time shopping for their prom attire than they do researching financial education options for college. No wonder there is sticker shock post-graduation when those first student loan bills coming. The lack of investment shows. In a 2016 Mintel study, very few consumers gave themselves high grades for their knowledge of personal finance, and the situation was worse among women, with twice as many assigning themselves a “C” as an “A.” Having worked in the financial services industry for more than a decade, I can say with certainty I’m a bit of a personal finance geek. Learning about the latest products and economic shifts has been rolled into my job, and I’ve sadly seen the consequences of what happens to consumers when they make poor financial decisions. Slumping credit scores. Delinquent payments. Repossessed vehicles. Hard times. The good news? There are plenty of resources to help Americans learn. The challenge? Finding the right ways to capture mind share via the right mediums at the right time. There is obviously a benefit to the consumer to be more financially literate, but financial institutions benefit as well when consumers are money smart. Individuals who understand financial products and how they can use them to achieve their goals are more likely to purchase those products throughout their financial lives. So how can financial institutions help close the financial literacy gap? Make online education and resources readily available. Research shows more consumers would like to get information about finance through the use of online resources rather than seminars. This preference is likely due to the fact that online resources can be accessed on one’s own schedule and gives the user more control over the topics s/he wants to explore. Provide parents resources to launch smart money talks with their kids. Study after study reveals parents are one of the most powerful teachers in their kids’ lives – and this includes providing an education and modeling strong money management skills. Consider adding online education for kids – or partnering with a provider who has already built a money app for youngsters. Additionally, educate parents about when it might be time to help a child establish their first savings account. Advise them on ways to finance college. Talk about co-signing on vehicles. Explain the power of saving. Train up your next wave of customers and they will likely remain loyal to you. Offer one-on-one credit education sessions. A high-touch solution is sometimes the perfect opportunity to grow a customer in the right financial direction. Perhaps a low credit score prevents an individual from securing an ideal interest rate for an auto or home loan. Each person’s financial situation is different, and a one-on-one session with a trained agent can help them understand what is specifically contributing to their low score. With a few insights, a customer can determine if they need to pay down some debt, address a few late payments, or reduce their number of credit lines. Knowledge is power, and consumers will appreciate this service and personable touch. --- Lenders have a vested interest to close the financial literacy gap, and while they can’t solve for everything, they can certainly make a difference with some basic steps and investments. If nothing else, April seems like a perfect time to evaluate what you’re doing and what resolutions you can make for the year ahead. Just as every saved penny counts, so does every effort to educate Americans on manning their money more effectively.

Setting new records isn’t just for racecar drivers. The auto finance industry continues to achieve its own new highs. According to Experian’s State of the Automotive Finance Market report, the average amount financed for a new vehicle in Q4 2016 was $30,261 — up $710 from Q4 2015 and the highest amount on record. The report also shows that the number of consumers opting for auto loans with longer terms (73 to 84 months) increased from 29% in Q4 2015 to 32.1% in Q4 2016. These findings underscore the importance of closely monitoring consumer credit trends to stay competitive, meet consumer demands and set your own new records. Webinar: Latest consumer credit trends>

Turns out, Americans still don’t know much about CyberSecurity. That’s according to new research from the Pew Data Center, which conducted a cybersecurity knowledge quiz. The 13 question quiz was designed to test American’s knowledge on a number of cybersecurity issues and terms. A majority of online adults can identify a strong password and recognize the dangers of using public Wi-Fi. However, many struggle with more technical cybersecurity concepts, such as how to identify true two-factor authentication or determine if a webpage they are using is encrypted. As we in the industry know, cybersecurity is a complicated and diverse subject, but given the pervasiveness of news around cybersecurity, I was still a little surprised by the lack of knowledge. The typical (median) respondent answered only five of the 13 questions correctly (with a mean of 5.5 correct answers). 20% answered more than eight questions accurately, and just 1% received a “perfect score” by correctly answering all 13 questions. The study showed that public knowledge of cybersecurity is low on some relatively technical issues, like identifying the correct example of multi-factor authentication, understanding how VPNs minimize risk and knowing what a botnet is. On the flip side, the two questions that the majority of respondents answered correctly included identifying the strongest password from a list of four options and understanding that public Wi-Fi networks have risk even when they are password protected. Given the median scores, I was proud of missing only one question – guess I have more reading to do on Botnets. As an industry, it is our duty to not only create systems and securities to improve the tactical effectiveness of fraud prevention, but to educate consumers on many of these topics as well. They often are the first line of defense in stopping fraud and reducing the threat of breaches.

Pay your bills on time, have cash set aside for emergencies, and invest your money for the future. These are the rules financial pros say people should follow if they want to build wealth. Straightforward advice, but for many people these milestones can seem out of reach. A recent financial literacy study by Mintel shows that many Americans are struggling with money management and lack confidence in their financial knowledge, with just 19 percent of respondents giving themselves an “A” grade on financial knowledge. The survey and other reports released recently shed light on how well Americans are handling their money. Here are some of the prevailing trends: Young people are struggling. The Mintel study revealed less than 30 percent of Americans have an emergency savings account that equals 3-6 months of household income. Of that total number, 19 percent of iGeneration has saved for a rainy day, followed by Millennials (20 percent), Gen Xers (28 percent), Baby Boomers (37 percent) and World War II/Swing Generation (40 percent). Not surprisingly, people who make more money save a bigger percentage of their pay. People in the bottom 90 percent of the income scale save close to none of their pay each year, while those in the top 10 percent save close to 15 percent. Most are not planning for the future. The majority of people are not doing everything they can to prepare for retirement, including meeting with a financial adviser to devise a plan, researching Social Security or even talking to friends or family about planning. Even more, 21 percent of Americans are “not at all confident” they will be able to reach their financial goals. Parents plan more than non-parents. People with children have many demands on their money, and as a result think ahead and follow budgets, contribute to retirement accounts and hire a financial adviser to help them create plans and budgets. Consumers who don’t have children don’t have as many competing demands, but aren’t as sensible about following a financial plan. In Mintel’s study, just 10 percent of non-parents have a written financial plan and 26 percent contribute regularly to a retirement account. Most people have a budget. Nearly one in three Americans prepare a detailed written or computerized household budget each month that tracks their income and expenses, but a large majority do not. Those with at least some college education, conservatives, Republicans, independents, and those making $75,000 a year or more are slightly more likely to prepare a detailed household budget than are their counterparts, according to Gallup. The good news is, the majority of Americans are open to more financial education. April—which is Financial Literacy Month—is a great time to look at education efforts for your customers. Financial literacy won’t change overnight, nor in a year. Yet initiatives taken in schools, workplaces, and in communities add up. What are you doing for your customers to build financial literacy?

Knowing a consumer’s credit information at a single point in time tells only part of the story. For the whole story, lenders need to assess a consumer’s credit behavior over time. Understanding how a consumer uses credit or pays back debt over several months can better position you to: Offer the right products and terms to increase response rates. Identify profitable customers. Avoid consumers with payment stress. Trended data adds needed color to the consumer’s credit story. And with the right analytics and systems, you can derive valuable insights on consumers. Trended data>

Newest technology doesn’t mean best when it comes to stopping fraud I recently attended the Merchant Risk Conference in Las Vegas, which brings together online merchants and industry vendors including payment service providers and fraud detection solution providers. The conference continues to grow year to year – similar to the fraud and risk challenges within the industry. In fact, we just released analysis, that we’ve seen fraud rates spike to 33% in the past year. This year, the exhibit hall was full of new names on the scene – evidence that there is a growing market for controlling risk and fraud in the e-commerce space. I heard from a few merchants at the conference that there were some “cool” new technologies out to help combat fraud. Things like machine learning, selfies and other two-factor authentication tools were all discussed as the latest in the fight against fraud. The problem is, many of these “cool” new technologies aren’t yet efficient enough at identifying and stopping fraud. Cool, yes.  Effective, no.  Sure, you can ask your customer to take a selfie and send it to you for facial recognition scanning. But, can you imagine your mother-in-law trying to manage this process? Machine Learning, while very promising, still has some room to grow in truly identifying fraud while minimizing the false positives. Many of these “anomaly detection” systems look for just that – anomalies. The problem is, we’re fighting motivated and creative fraudsters who are experts at avoiding detection and can beat anomaly detection. I do not doubt that you can stop fraud if you introduce some of these new technologies. The problem is, at what cost? The trick is stopping fraud with efficiency – to stop the fraud and not disrupt the customer experience. Companies, now more than ever, are competing based on customer experience. Adding any amount of friction to the buying process puts your revenue at risk. Consider these tips when evaluating and deploying fraud detection solutions for your online business. Evaluate solutions based on all metrics What is the fraud detection rate? What impact will it have on approvals? What is the false positive rate and impact on investigations? Does the attack rate decline after implementing the solution? Is the process detectable by fraudsters? What friction is introduced to the process? Use all available data at your disposal to make a decision Does the consumer exist? Can we validate the person’s identity? Is the web-session and user-entered data consistent with this consumer? Step up authentication but limit customer friction Is the technology appropriate for your audience (i.e. a selfie, text-messaging, document verification, etc...)? Are you using jargon in your process? In the end, any solution can stop 100% of the fraud – but at what cost. It’s a balance - a balance between detection and friction. Think about customer friction and the impact on customer satisfaction and revenue.

Has the EMV liability shift caused e-commerce fraud to increase 33% in 2016? According to Experian data, CNP fraud increased with Florida, Delaware, Oregon and New York ranked as the riskiest states. Miami accounted for the most fraudulent ZIP™ Codes in the US for shipping and billing fraud.

Latest results from Experian's Market Trends report shows that 17.3 million new vehicles have been added to the U.S. Market of light-duty vehicles on the road.

The adoption of EMV terminals has pressured attackers to migrate their fraud attempts to the card-not-present channel. This is a major driver to the increase in e-commerce fraud attacks – more than 30% over last year. Here’s how this fraud victimization has increased across the country: 16% in North Central states. 25% in Northeastern states. 32% in Southern states. 25% in Western states. Attackers are extremely creative, motivated, and often connected. Protect all points of connection with your customers to prevent e-commerce fraud with a comprehensive, multilayered approach. Where does your state rank?

It was two years ago when I found myself sitting cross-legged on my home office floor, papers strewn about as I organized piles of tax returns, W-2s, pay stubs, 401k and bank statements, and previous escrow docs. My task? Sort through it all, scan them (if I couldn’t access them digitally) and then upload/email them to a site for my mortgage broker to print and package for my refinance application. For a girl accustomed to Amazon Prime, mobile banking, social media and smart TVs, this monumental financial task seemed utterly archaic – even in 2015. Fast forward two years later, and the mortgage space has failed to make much progress. Clearly, the financial meltdown and Great Recession placed more regulation and compliance stresses on financial institutions. Verification steps and requirements needed to be strengthened – and that made sense. We want to make sure people are capable of paying for those sizable mortgage payments, right? Even now, I get flashbacks to scenes from The Big Short. Still, the hunt for paper, the endless scanning, the emailing, the document uploads required? In an era where the smartphone rules, how has the mortgage industry failed to evolve in the digital age? It’s no secret the financial services industry is typically slow to adopt the latest in technology advancements, but consumers are pushing. A 2016 Accenture survey reveals online banking is now the top choice of consumers at 28%, followed by branch banking at 24%. In the mobile banking space, there has additionally been a significant increase. From 2011 to 2015, mobile banking doubled (22% to 43%) and rose from 43% to 53% for smartphone users in particular. But what about mortgage? Finally, it seems, shifts are underway. In a recent Oliver Wyman paper titled Digital Mortgage Nirvana, the authors state, “Gone are the days when the only way to properly underwrite a mortgage was with long application forms and tall stacks of documents.” Once easy to carry in one hand, the average mortgage application file has ballooned to 500 pages, according to David Stevens, CEO of the Mortgage Bankers Association. And while the application may not shrink, portions of the application process can be digitized and automated. Today, lenders have the ability to partner with data aggregators to verify a consumer’s assets and income with online solutions. In fact, lenders can take this a step further, feeding the data into their automated decision engines, providing the consumer with an approval, decline or conditions that must be met in order to clear the loan process. Nonbanks have been picking off business and disrupting the onerous mortgage process for the past several years. Think Quicken, LoanDepot and GuaranteedRate. But all mortgage lenders have the ability to speed up consumer verification and decisioning by partnering with data aggregators and leveraging solutions like Experian’s digital verification suite. Are we talking a one-click shopping experience? No. This is a mortgage after all, not your average online purchase. But banks now have the opportunity to dramatically enhance the mortgage experience for consumers. The question is whether they are ready to finally embrace a digital journey in the mortgage space in 2017, or will they let another year pass them by?

Experian recently acquired a minority stake in Finicity, a leading financial data aggregator enabling innovation in the FinTech industry through its modern RESTful API and Finicity Aggregation Platform. Steve Smith—chairman, CEO and co-founder of Finicity—has a passion and experience in developing innovative and disruptive technology, products and services that leads to efficiency for markets and, ultimately, improvements for consumers. Here he shares his thoughts about disruptive technology in the lending space and its benefits to lenders and consumers. Q: Finicity has said its objective is to take a loan application approval from weeks to minutes using its technology. That sounds pretty great, but how is that possible? How does this play out behind the scenes? A: Well, we’re living in a world where we, as consumers, expect very user-friendly experiences and we expect things to happen at digital speeds. The loan process is no exception. To deliver the experience consumers are expecting requires us to leverage the technology trends of digitization, mobility and big data. Finicity plays a foundational role by leveraging thousands of digital connections across financial institutions to aggregate consumer-permissioned account data. Once we have this data, we’re able to deliver real-time insights into an individual's financial health. This financial health assessment includes income and assets, two critical components to the loan approval process. All that’s required is the borrower to permission use of the data. Once that’s done, we’re able to gather all appropriate data across multiple accounts, rapidly analyze it and send a verification report to the lender. No papers. No multiple requests. No questions on the validity of the data. All done in minutes, not weeks. Q: This is very disruptive technology. What are the benefits for lenders? Consumers? A: Well, as we discussed, one of the major benefits is the speed to a loan. Furthermore, this reduces cost for the lender by maximizing loan officer’s time, while also freeing up loan capital as they can move through loans more quickly with a higher quality assessment. Another benefit for lenders is reduced fraud. Our information on income and assets is coming from real-time bank validated information. This eliminates the possibility of altered data. For consumers, it’s a dramatically simplified process. No need to chase down multiple documents. There are virtually no second requests for information, which we often see in the process. And they’re always in control of their information. All in all, it’s a dramatically better experience for both the lender and the borrower. Q: What sets this solution apart from others in the market? A: A few things set Finicity apart in delivering the quality of insights required. First, we are an industry leader in the number of financial institutions we connect with, ensuring broader access for more customers. Second, 95 percent of our integrations provide access to formatted data, something that’s critical to credit decisioning solutions. In these cases, we’re not screen scraping. This enhances our ability to collect bank validated transactions; we provide the financial institution transaction ID. This provides assurance of data quality. Finally, is our ability to categorize and analyze the transactions. This allows us to identify income streams and assets. Through this process, we’re also able to flag unusual transactions, like large deposits, that may skew actual assets. Q: The future of financial technology is still evolving. What lies ahead? A: We’re very excited about the future of financial technology and the impact that aggregation will have. Whether it’s financial management, digital payments or credit decisioning, real-time data will improve the experiences and the outcomes. As we’re talking about lending, this is one of the spaces that could see significant disruption. Our ability to generate a richer view of an individual’s or organization’s financial health will more accurately determine their ability to repay a loan. This will be a great benefit for those that have thin file or no credit history. We see a world where suitability for a loan will be driven by their actual financial life independent of their use of credit. One of the largest markets in the US is millennials. However, for consumers under 30, two-thirds have subprime or non-prime credit scores and one-third of millennials don't have any credit history. This is just one group underserved because legacy models don’t leverage the full extent of data available. Q: Is there anything else you can tell us about Finicity and its role changing customer experiences across financial service? A: For us, it all comes down to one thing: enabling individuals and organizations to have the information and insights they need to make smarter financial decisions. The data is there. We’re helping to unlock the potential of that data by working with innovative partners like Experian. To learn more about Experian and Finicity's account aggregation solutions, visit www.experian.com/finicity

Legitimate address discrepancies are common, which surprises most people. And handling every address discrepancy as a high fraud risk is operationally expensive and inhibits the customer experience. You can avoid this type of fraud by employing these best practices: Use a distinct Know Your Customer and underlying Customer Identification Program process. Avoid verifications based on self-reported data. Maintain hotlist addresses. Fraud always will find the path of least resistance, and organized criminals will test you daily to isolate the weakest link. Be sure to regularly revisit your own policies and procedures for handling this type of fraud. Address manipulation fraud  

Knowing a consumer’s credit information at a single point in time only tells part of the story. I often hear one of our Experian leaders share the example of two horses, running neck-in-neck, at the races. Who will win? Well, if you had multiple insights into those two horses – and could see the race in segments – you might notice one horse losing steam, and the other making great strides. In the world of credit consumers, the same metaphor can ring true. You might have two consumers with identical credit scores, but Consumer A has been making minimum payments for months and showing some payment stress, while Consumer B has been aggressively making larger pay-offs. Trended data adds that color to the story, and suddenly there is more intel on who to market to for future offers. To understand the whole story, lenders need the ability to assess a consumer’s credit behavior over time. Understanding how a consumer uses credit or pays back debt over time can help lenders: Offer the right products & terms to increase response rates Determine up sell and cross sell opportunities Prevent attrition Identify profitable customers Avoid consumers with payment stress Limit loss exposure The challenge with trended data, however, is finding a way to sort through the payment patterns in the midst of huge datasets. At the singular level, one consumer might have 10 trades. Trended data in turn reveals five historical payment fields and then you multiple all of this by 24 months and you suddenly have 1,200 data points. But let’s be real … a lender is not going to look at just one consumer as they consider their marketing or retention campaigns. They may look at 100,000 consumers. And on that scale you are now looking at sorting through 120M data points. So while a lender may think they need trended data – and there is definitely value in accessing it – they likely also need a solution to help them wade through it all, assessing and decisioning on those 120M data points. Tapping into something like Credit3D, which bundles in propensity scores, profitability models and trended attributes, is the solution that truly unveils the value of trended data insights. By layering in these solutions, lenders can clearly answer questions like: Who is likely to respond to an offer? How does a consumer use credit? How can I identify revolvers, transactors and consolidators? Is there a better way to understand risk or to conduct swap set analysis? How can I acquire profitable consumers? How do I increase wallet share and usage? Trended data sounds like a “no-brainer” and it definitely has the ability to shed light on that consumer credit horse race. Lenders, however, also need to have the appropriate analytics and systems to assess on the huge volume of data points. Need more information on Trended Data and Credit 3D? Contact Us

Fraud and address manipulation (Part 1) Identifying an address as incorrect seems simple enough. But in reality, address mismatches between an application and credit bureau data aren’t uncommon. Here are several legitimate reasons why this may occur: Change of residence. Credit bureau’s unique logic for determining which address is the "best." New/Emerging consumers often have fluctuating address data. Issuers that employ risk-based approaches allowing incorrect addresses to pass and those that use self-reported data for verification face the highest level of risk for this type of fraud. Next week, we’ll let you know how you can avoid these types of losses. Or you can get ahead and read our latest paper. Address manipulation fraud>